[31] At 18:13, a 15 in (380 mm) shell from one of the Queen Elizabeths struck Lützow; two more hits came at 18:25 and 18:30. [43], By 19:30, the High Seas Fleet, which was by that point pursuing the British battlecruisers, had not yet encountered the Grand Fleet. One month later, the ship was heavily engaged during the Battle of Jutland, on 31 May–1 June. German cruiser Lützow and a destroyer in Norway on 11 June 1942.jpg 4,802 × 4,130; 9.3 MB. [47] By 20:00, flooding in the forward part of the ship had reached the magazine for the forward turret. Those ships were designed with the idea of commerce war in mind, they should attack allied … Scheer hoped that in the foggy darkness, Lützow could evade detection and successfully return to a German port. [15], At 17:03, the rearmost British battlecruiser, Indefatigable, was struck by several shells from her opponent, Von der Tann. Lützow was a heavy cruiser of Nazi Germany 's Kriegsmarine, the fifth and final member of the Admiral Hipper class, but was never completed. [37] During the turn to the northeast, the British destroyers Onslow and Acasta approached to launch torpedoes at Lützow, though without success. The forward ammunition magazines were penetrated and set on fire; the resulting explosion tore the ship apart. Witnesses reported at least five shells from two salvos hit the ship, which caused an intense explosion that ripped the Queen Mary in half. [51], As the German fleet began to withdraw after nightfall, Lützow, steaming at 15 knots,[52] attempted to pass behind the German line to seek the safety of the disengaged side. Konteradmiral (Rear Admiral) Friedrich Boedicker, the deputy commander of I Scouting Group, temporarily raised his flag aboard the ship from 29 March to 11 April. Un article de Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre. While serving as the squadron flagship, her crew was augmented by an additional 14 officers and 62 enlisted men in the commander's staff. German cruiser Lützow (1939) Lützow was a heavy cruiser of Nazi Germany 's Kriegsmarine, the fifth and final member of the Admiral Hipper class, but was never completed. [29] Lützow scored another hit on Lion at 17:57, followed by three more hits, one of which started a fire in the aft secondary battery. Incomplete Soviet cruiser Tallinn at Leningrad c1949.jpg 5,744 × 3,685; 6.78 MB Instead, the ship tried to withdraw to the southwest to escape the punishing British gunfire. [60] By 02:45 Lützow was submerged up to her bridge. Le Lützow est un croiseur lourd de la Kriegsmarine, cinquième et dernier navire de la classe Admiral Hipper. This development made it impossible for Scheer to retreat, for doing so would have sacrificed the slower pre-dreadnought battleships of II Battle Squadron. Lützow was a sister ship to Derfflinger from which she differed slightly in that she was armed with an additional pair of 15 cm (5.9 inch) secondary guns and had an additional watertight compartment in her hull. selon les recommandations des projets correspondants. The ship was laid down in August 1937 and launched in July 1939, after which the Soviet Union requested to purchase the ship. Critically, the forward main pumps were no longer usable, as the control rods had jammed. Her main battery turrets had 270 mm (10.6 in) thick faces. [35], Shortly after 19:00, the German cruiser Wiesbaden had become disabled by a shell from the battlecruiser Invincible; the German battlecruisers made a 16-point turn to the northeast and made for the crippled cruiser at high speed. [8], In the meantime, by 14:00, Boedicker's ships had reached a position off Norderney, at which point he turned his ships northward to avoid the Dutch observers on the island of Terschelling. [55] The position of the wreck is estimated to be .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}56°15′N 5°53′E / 56.250°N 5.883°E / 56.250; 5.883. "[64], Coordinates: 56°15′N 5°53′E / 56.250°N 5.883°E / 56.250; 5.883, Battlecruiser of the German Imperial Navy, In Imperial German Navy gun nomenclature, "SK" (, German ships were ordered under provisional names; new additions to the fleet were given a letter designation, while those ordered as replacements for older vessels were named ", The times mentioned in this section are in, Ammunition magazines on warships were equipped with. The second hit disabled the electric training gear of the rearmost turret, which now had to be operated by hand. The other German battlecruisers and battleships joined in the melee; Lützow fired five broadsides in rapid succession. One pierced the ship's forward superfiring turret and temporarily disabled it. Rebaptisé Petropavlovsk en septembre 1940, les travaux sur le navire ont été poursuivis à Léningrad. The reconnaissance force was screened by 30 torpedo boats of II, VI, and IX Flotillas, directed by the cruiser Regensburg. In the course of the first nineteen minutes of the battle, Lützow had fired thirty-one salvos at Lion, scoring six hits, forcing the latter to shear out of line temporarily. [59] During the battle, Lützow had fired an estimated 380 main battery shells and 400 rounds from her secondary guns, as well as two torpedoes. Après la fin de la guerre, il a été utilisé pour la formation et comme caserne flottante, avant d'être envoyé à la ferraille entre 1953 et 1960. The quarry was the Allied convoy JW51B on its way to deliver supplies to the USSR and protected by now fewer than six British destroyers. The German Kriegsmarine, Lützow History, Heavy Cruiser, Lützow, Schwerer Kreuzer 1939-1950, Admiral Hipper class. After their British counterparts had begun installing 34.3 cm (13.5 in) guns in their battlecruisers, senior officers in the German naval command came to the conclusion that an increase in caliber from 28 cm (11 in) to 30.5 cm (12.0 in) would be necessary. Le Lützow est un croiseur lourd de la Kriegsmarine, cinquième et dernier navire de la classe Admiral Hipper. Deutschland (later re-named Lützow), was the lead ship of her class that served in the German Kriegsmarine before and during World War II. [3], Lützow's armament consisted of a main battery of eight 30.5 cm SK L/50 guns in four gun turrets,[b] mounted in superfiring pairs fore and aft of the central superstructure. The ship was laid down in August 1937 and launched in July 1939, after which the Soviet Union requested to purchase the ship. III Battle Squadron of the German fleet, which contained the most powerful battleships of the German navy, also altered course to assist Wiesbaden. G38 fired two torpedoes into the ship, and two minutes later she disappeared below the waves. The four remaining battlecruisers turned south immediately in the direction of Norderney to avoid further mine damage. [50] Lützow fired her last shot at 20:45, at which point the smoke screen had successfully hidden her from the British line. SMS Lützow was the second Derfflinger-class battlecruiser built by the German Kaiserliche Marine (English: Imperial Navy) before World War I. With her bow thoroughly flooded, the ship was unable to make the return voyage to Germany; her crew was evacuated and she was sunk by torpedoes fired by one of her escorts, the torpedo boat G38. Lützow was so low in the water by 01:30 that water began to flood the forward boiler room. Steam was provided by eighteen naval boilers, fourteen of which burned coal, the other four burning fuel oil. [14] The two leading British battlecruisers, Lion and Princess Royal, concentrated their fire on Lützow,[15] while Lützow engaged only Lion. Berlin, 1993 During the search, Echo's sonar located Lützow on the sea floor, some eight miles from her last recorded position. [12], Shortly before 16:00, Hipper's force encountered Vice Admiral David Beatty's 1st Battlecruiser Squadron. [33] The ship continued to engage the British battlecruisers as they steamed north toward the Grand Fleet, but had no success during this period. Powered by ... but due to the lack of guns and turrets and the threat of a new class of Soviet cruisers, the ships were built as additional ships of the Prinz Eugen design. Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) He 60 PzSchiff Deutschland.tif 1,504 × 1,073; 6.16 MB. The ship was laid down in August 1937 and launched in July 1939, after which the Soviet Union … These were finished on 19 February; Lützow was assigned to I Scouting Group on 20 March, and arrived at her new unit four days later. In the span of eight minutes, Invincible scored eight hits on Lützow; these hits were mainly concentrated in the ship's bow and were the primary cause of the flooding that would eventually cause her to sink. [41] By 19:24, the 3rd Battlecruiser Squadron had formed up with Beatty's remaining battlecruisers ahead of the German line. The German battlecruisers destroyed two 6 in (15 cm) shore batteries and inflicted other damage to the town. The cruiser was finally flooded in 1949. The German Kriegsmarine, Lützow Information, Heavy Cruiser, Lützow, Schwerer Kreuzer 1939-1950, Admiral Hipper class [48] At midnight, there was still hope that the severely wounded Lützow could make it back to harbor. [23] Lützow's gunnery officer, Günther Paschen, later regretted the decision to fire SAP shells, believing that had Lützow fired AP rounds, she would have destroyed Lion during this action. [8] Seydlitz turned back with the screen of light cruisers at a speed of 15 knots (28 km/h). [13] The German ships were the first to open fire, at a range of approximately 15,000 yards (14,000 m). [16] The British rangefinders had misread the range to their German targets, and so the first salvos fired by the British ships fell a mile beyond their German opponents;[17] Lion's gunners fired their opening salvo at 18,500 yards (16,900 m). Construction in Germany Ship named after Prussian general Ludwig Adolf Wilhelm von Lützow who fought in the Napoleonic Wars. The The torpedo boat V28 took Boedicker to Lützow. Originally named Deutschland, the Lützow was one of three armoured ships – the so-called “pocket battleships” – laid down between 1928 and 1931.Deutschland was the first of the class, being launched in May 1931 and completed in April 1933. [3], Lützow was protected by an armor belt that was 300 mm (11.8 in) thick in the central part of the ship where it protected the ammunition magazines and propulsion machinery spaces. V45 and G37 began laying a smoke screen between the battered ship and the British line, but at 20:15, before it was finished, Lützow was struck in quick succession by four heavy-caliber shells. At 15:38, Seydlitz struck a mine, which tore a 15-metre (49 ft) long hole in her hull, just abaft of the starboard broadside torpedo tube, allowing 1,400 short tons (1,250 long tons) of water to enter the ship. The ships were accompanied by II Scouting Group, under the command of Rear Admiral Boedicker, composed of the four light cruisers Frankfurt, Wiesbaden, Pillau, and Elbing. [20] These two hits would prove to be very important, however, as Lützow took on more water due to damage sustained later in the battle, since they allowed water to enter the ship above the armored deck. She took part in only one bombardment operation: the Bombardment of Yarmouth and Lowestoft on 24–25 April 1916, after which she became Admiral Franz von Hipper's flagship. Lützow. Deutschland was ordered by the Reichsmarine from the Deutsche Werke shipyard in Kiel as Ersatz Preussen, as a replacement for the old battleship Preussen. The KriegsmarineKriegsmarine In return, both Lützow and Derfflinger concentrated their fire on Invincible, and 19:33, Lützow's third salvo penetrated Invincible's center turret and ignited the magazine; the ship disappeared in a series of massive explosions. The Lützow Free Corps, a Prussian volunteer force during the Napoleonic wars commanded by Ludwig von Lützow; One of several ships known as the German cruiser Lützow, named for Ludwig von Lützow; 37th SS Volunteer Cavalry Division Lützow, a cavalry division of … [6], The ship's first and only commander was Kapitän zur See Victor Harder. Bibliographie . The battlecruiser's crew attempted to patch the shell holes three times, but as the flooding worsened and the draft increased, water increasingly washed over the deck and inhibited progress on the repair work. The Derfflinger class was authorized for the 1911 fiscal year as part of the 1906 naval law; design work had begun in early 1910. Source: World War 2 album The ship was laid down in August 1937 and launched in July 1939, after which … Encore inachevé lorsque l'Allemagne envahit l'Union soviétique en juin 1941, le navire a brièvement pris part à la défense de Léningrad en fournissant un soutien d'artillerie. La construction du navire a été commencée en août 1937 et il fut lancé en juillet 1939. If he chose to use his dreadnoughts and battlecruisers to cover their retreat, he would have subjected his strongest ships to overwhelming British fire. By 16:00, Seydlitz was clear of imminent danger, so the ship stopped to allow Boedicker to disembark. L'URSS l'a acheté en février 1940 et son transfert a été achevé le 15 avril de la même année. In addition, the battlecruiser Gneisenau and the cruiser Lützow were heavily damaged, at least a dozen destroyers had been sunk or damaged, and as many as 14 supply vessels had been lost. After the end of World War II, the cruiser Lützow was briefly incorporated into the Soviet navy and used as a target ship. [30], The leading ships of the German battle fleet had by 18:00 come within effective range of the British ships, and had begun trading shots with the British battlecruisers and Queen Elizabeth-class battleships. SMS Lützow[a] was the second Derfflinger-class battlecruiser built by the German Kaiserliche Marine (English: Imperial Navy) before World War I. Renamed Petropavlovsk by the Soviets, work was still incomplete when Germany … Water began to wash onto the deck and into the forecastle above the main armored deck; this would prove to be a significant problem. Ordered as a replacement for the old protected cruiser Kaiserin Augusta, Lützow was launched on 29 November 1913, but not completed until 1916. [1] However, she was heavily damaged by an estimated 24 heavy-caliber shell hits. [57], By 01:00, there was too much water in the hull for the pumps to handle. The British Admiralty was made aware of the German sortie through the interception of German wireless signals, and deployed the Grand Fleet at 15:50. The leading British ships spotted Lützow and Derfflinger, and began firing on them. Lützow, the second member of the class, was allocated to the 1912 construction program. [9] Boedicker refused to be distracted by the British ships, and instead trained his ships' guns on Lowestoft. Lützow can refer to:. Her secondary armament consisted of fourteen 15 cm SK L/45 guns mounted in casemates at main deck level. Konteradmiral Franz von Hipper, the commander of I Scouting Group, was away on sick leave, so the German ships were under the command of Boedicker. German cruiser Lützow in Kaiserfahrt canal on 25 April 1945.jpg 653 × 594; 197 KB. She was named in honor of the Prussian general Ludwig Adolf Wilhelm von Lützow who fought in the Napoleonic Wars. German cruiser Lützow (1939) Lützow was a heavy cruiser of the German Kriegsmarine, the fifth and final member of the Admiral Hipper class, but was never completed. On 13 September, she began her trials, including torpedo firing tests on 15 September and gunnery tests on 6 October. Several ships can be described as the German cruiser Lützow : SMS Lützow, launched in 1913, battlecruiser which was scuttled after the battle of Jutland German cruiser Lützow (1939), launched in 1939, sold incomplete to the Soviet Union German cruiser Lützow (1940), launched in 1931 as Deutschland she was renamed Lützow in 1940 In the span of less than five minutes, Defence was struck by several heavy-caliber shells from the German ships. An hour and a half later, the High Seas Fleet—under the command of Admiral Scheer—left the Jade with 16 dreadnoughts. Une fois ces réparations effectuées, le navire a été rebaptisé Tallinn et utilisé dans la contre-offensive soviétique autour de Léningrad en 1944. While on this operation, a British submarine attempted to torpedo Lützow without success. [4][c] Built by Schichau-Werke in Danzig, her keel was laid down in May 1912, and she was launched on 29 November 1913. She was originally used as a seagoing training ship, to familiarize crews with her new technology. There she completed her final fitting out, including her armament. (en) Cet article est partiellement ou en totalité issu de l’article de Wikipédia en anglais intitulé « German cruiser Lützow (1939) » (voir la liste des auteurs). [19] Eight minutes later, Lion scored the first hit on Lützow; a salvo from the British ship struck the battlecruiser on her forecastle, but no major damage was done. 24–25 April shells instead L/45 quick-firing guns in anti-aircraft mounts clear of imminent danger, so the ship to! On 24–25 April Jade with 16 dreadnoughts punishing British gunfire and Lowestoft on 24–25.. Barents sea as the control rods had jammed Invincible and is sometimes given credit for sinking the armored cruiser Defence. A full circle has 32 points, each equal to 11.25 degrees ; a 16-point turn would be reversal! 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